“Strategic Approach” Please respond to the following:Assess Southwest Airlines’ strategic approach to human resource (HR) management. Determine how its strategy increases organizational effectiveness.Propose three ways that HR can use competitive advantage in the marketplace to recruit new applicants in general.
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Strategic Human Resource
Management
HRM530
Making Human Resource
Management Strategic
Stewart, G. & Brown, K. (2008). Human resource
management, (1st ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Objectives
•
Upon completion of this lesson, you will
be able to:
– Evaluate common human resource strategies
and how these strategies align with business
strategies to create a competitive advantage
in the market place
Strategy Formulation
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Coordinated choices and actions
Competitive business strategy
Human resource strategy
Steps
– Gathering information
– Analyzing information and making decisions
Gathering Information
• External environment
– Opportunities
– Threats
• Internal environment
– Weaknesses
– Strengths
Analyzing Information and
Making Decisions
•
•
•
•
Build collective intuition
Stimulate conflict
Maintain pace
Diffuse politics
Competitive Business
Strategies
• Corporate-level strategy
• Business-level strategy
– Cost leadership
• Low-cost producers
– Differentiation
• Superior product customers will pay
Cost Leadership Strategy
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Reducing costs
Highly efficient
Basic and standardized products
Large market share
Differentiation
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Something better than competitors
Customers willing to pay
Highly innovative
Take risks
Continually look for new ways of doing
things
Approaches to Human
Resource Strategy
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Difficult to copy
Build capability
Role
Basic patterns
– Universalistic approach
– Contingency approach
Common Human
Resource Strategies
• Loyal Solider
– Do whatever asked
– Broad roles and
variety of tasks
– Fit culture
– Hire early in careers
– Train extensively
– Different positions
– Cooperate versus
compete
– Long-term incentives
• Bargain Laborer
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Low wages
Tight control
Clearly defined tasks
On-the-job training
Day to day feedback
Hours worked
Common Human
Resource Strategies
• Committed Expert
– Specialize in certain
tasks
– Freedom to innovate
and improve methods
– Fit and aptitude for
becoming experts
– Train to be experts
– Promotions into similar
jobs
– Increased
responsibility
– High compensation
• Free Agent
– Critical skills
– Not expected to
remain
– Extensive
responsibility within
specific areas
– Substantial freedom
Check Your Understanding
Summary
•
•
•
•
•
Strategy Formulation
Business Strategies
Basic HR Strategy
Common Human Resource Strategies
Free Agent Human Resource
Management Strategies
Strategic Human Resource
Management
HRM530
Ensuring Equal Employment
Opportunity and Safety
Stewart, G. & Brown, K. (2008). Human resource
management, (1st ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Objectives
•
Upon completion of this lesson, you will
be able to:
– Analyze laws governing employment and how
organizations can ensure compliance
Civil Rights Act of 1964
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Title VII
Race, color, national origin, religion, sex
Protected classes
Exceptions – <15, churches
EEOC
Disparate Treatment
• Treat differently
– Race, gender or other group
characteristic
• Bona fide occupational qualification
(BFOQ)
– Usually applies to gender and religion
• Consistent treatment
Adverse Impact
• More subtle
• Policies treat same but outcomes different
• Selection method
– Validity
• 4/5th Rule
– One group 80 per cent of the other
• Burden of proof
Harassment and Sexual
Harassment
• Persistently annoyed or alarmed
- Improper words or actions
• Sexual Harassment
- Quid pro quo
- This for that
- Hostile environment
- Interferes with ability to do job
Check Your Understanding
The Civil Rights Act of 1991
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Extended Title VII
Burden of proof
Race-norming
Punitive damages
Jury trials
The Age Discrimination in
Employment Act
•
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Workers over 40
Terminations, hiring and promotions
Disparate treatment
< 40 employees are exempt
Americans with
Disabilities Act
• Physical disability
– Loss of limbs, blindness, chronic illness
• Mental disability
– Depression, learning disorders, phobias
• Limits major life activity
– Caring for self, walking, hearing, speaking,
performing manual tasks
• Qualified to perform essential functions
• Reasonable accommodation
The Family and
Medical Leave Act
• Provides
-
12 weeks unpaid leave
Restored to former or similar position
Serious health condition
Care for immediate family member
Newborn
Adoption
50+ employees within 75 miles
Continued healthcare
Executive Order 11246
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Business with the federal government
Affirmative action plan
Providing work opportunities
Utilization study
Goals and timetables
Good faith effort
Hire qualified individuals
Occupational Safety and
Health Act
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•
•
Records
Information and training
Illnesses and injuries
Inspections and tests
Standards
Worker’s Compensation
• State level
• Protection for employees injured, disabled
or killed on the job
• Records
• Insurance
• No fault
Summary
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Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Disparate treatment
Civil Rights Act of 1991
The Age Discrimination in Employment Act
The Americans with Disabilities Act
The Equal Pay Act
Family and Medical Leave Act
Worker’s Compensation
...
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