Solved by verified expert:please do the outline , and write as same as the sample attached………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
process_guidelines.doc
process_outline.docx
sampl_process_para.pdf
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Process Essay
Process means a fixed or ordered series of actions or events leading to a result: process
defines a process of doing something. It either instructs the reader to do something or
tells how something was done. The process essay should have a vivid and descriptive
use of language.
Be aware of the audience. When you are planning a process essay, your first question
should be “What do my readers know about my topic?” Identifying the audience is
important in deciding what to include and what to omit in the essay. For instance,
suppose that you decided to explain how to paint a room to an inexperienced audience people who never before painted a room. You would have to be very specific and
assume that the readers know little or nothing about the process. However, if your
audience is made up of professional or experienced painters, you would have to
approach the assignment differently. In this case, you would probably explain a special
technique that your audience may not be aware of.
In general, though, you should assume that readers know little about the topic being
explained but have the same general knowledge you do. For instance, it can be assumed
that most people know what a paintbrush is, but it cannot be assumed that your readers
know which kind of brush is best to use with a certain type of paint.
Order the steps chronologically. Since a process paper describes a sequence of steps
leading to some preconceived end, it is important that the steps be discussed in the
order that they occur; in other words, the steps should be arranged in chronological
order. This principle of organization is the same as the one used for narration.
In a process essay, ordering ideas chronologically is vital, especially if readers are to be
able to re-create the process. The only time to break from chronological order is when
you explain some unfamiliar term or give some word of advice or caution.
Since it is a process essay, there have to be steps which must be indicated with the
proper use of transitional words. Some transitional words are as follows: Try for a
variety of transitional tags. Don’t number the steps of your essay, and avoid using words
like “secondly,” “thirdly,” etc. You might want to say “first” and “second,” but then let
the numbering go.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Immediately
After that
In beginning
Then
Firstly
At the end
•
•
•
•
•
•
Meanwhile
During
Later
Finally
Next
Soon after
•
At the same time
•
After a few seconds/minutes/hours
Process Essay Types
Process Explanation—in a process explanation, your purpose is to tell how something
works or how something happens—for example, how a cell phone operates or how the
body digests food. In a process explanation, you do not expect readers to perform the
process.
Process Instruction—when you write instructions, your purpose is to give readers the
information they need to perform a task or activity—for example, to fill out an
application or to operate a piece of machinery. Because you expect readers to follow
your instructions, you address them directly, using commands (check the gauge…tap the
brakes gently).
First of all, introduce the process and its significance with background information. State
thesis statement which normally includes the relevance or importance of the
instructions. Embellish the human condition.
•
•
Don’t write about something that is too complicated. Don’t try to write a brief
process essay about something that needs an instruction manual. You don’t like
being overwhelmed by directions, and you don’t want to overwhelm your
reader. Also, don’t write about something that needs to be accompanied by
visual aids. We could read a good essay about how to wallpaper around a
window or a bathroom vanity, but it would be much better to watch a videotape
of the same process. There are some things that are much better seen than read.
• Also, although it would be tempting to use graphical embellishments — even
something as simple as bulleted paragraphs or sentences — avoid doing this for
the purpose of this essay. The trick here is to let the language do all the work for
you.
• Avoid using abbreviations — tsp., oz., etc. — in formal academic writing. Write
everything out.
• Allow one of your steps to stand out from the others; in other words, don’t let all
the steps in your process feel equally important. Equally important means
equally unimportant.
Attach a special warning to one of your steps. EX: If you don’t connect the
positive cable to the positive pole of the batteries, you could cause an explosion or
melt down your battery. This special moment or warning in the process will lend the
essay a variety of tone, some texture, another human dimension, and remind your
readers that someone (you, the writer) is trying very hard to be helpful to them, and
that’s going to keep them reading.
Devin Connor
Mr. Porter
ENG 100-022
10 Oct 2003
Process Outline: Informational
I.
Hydraulic fracturing (fracking)
A. Formal definition – deep drilling procedure used to extract natural gas from shale
rock
B. Introduce procedure — before discussing the hazards caused by this method, it is
important to understand how this technique works.
C. Process
1. Step1 — a vertical well is drilled several thousand feet deep.
2. Step 2 –once the drill reaches the layer of shale, it makes a sharp, 90 degree
turn and proceeds horizontally for several thousand feet more through the
shale seam
3. Step 3 — after the drill has reaching its selected limit, it is withdrawn
4. Step 4 — a mixture of chemicals, sand, and water is then pumped into the well
5. Step 5 — pressure causes the shale to fracture, releasing the natural gas
6. Step 6 –gas then travels to the surface
7. Step 7 – gas is processed
D. Concluding statement — well requires up to 5 million gallons of fresh water which is
contaminated after the process
…
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